glossary  :  G    
 
     
 

A  B  C  Č  Ć  D    Đ  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  LJ  M  N  NJ  O  P  Q  R  S  Š  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z  Ž

 
     
 
    G8 (G6, G7) : a group (coalition) of the leading industrialized countries: the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, and the United States (the original G6 which met the first time in 1975), and Canada which joined in 1976 (making G7), superseded in 1998 by the addition of Russia, which created the G8; they meet periodically to discuss international economic issues in order to forge international economic cooperation.

meteorology

  gale : a wind of speed from 39 to 54 mph (34 to 47 knots). Gale Warning: The National Weather Service will issue these marine warnings for 1-minute sustained winds between 34 (39 mph or 63 km/h) and 47 knots (54 mph or 87 km/h) expected at end of downwind fetch (near shore or open waters).

publishing & printing

  galley : typeset material before it has been arranged into page form.

biology

  gamete : a mature reproductive sexual cell, as a sperm or egg, which unites with another cell to form a new organism.
    gamut : see  color gamut
    gasoline : a volatile flammable mixture of hydrocarbons (hexane and heptane and octane etc.) derived from petroleum; used mainly as a fuel in internal-combustion engines.
Synonyms: gas, gasolene, petrol.

economics                 acronym

  GDP : gross domestic product : a measure of the total flow of goods and services produced by the economy over a specific time period, normally a year or a quarter; it is obtained by valuing outputs of goods and services at market prices, and then aggregating. Note that all intermediate goods are excluded, and only goods used for final consumption or investment goods (capital) or changes in stocks are included; this is because the values of intermediate goods are implicitly included in the prices of the final goods. The word 'gross' means that no deduction for the value on expenditure on capital goods for replacement purposes is made.
    gem (gemstone) : a mineral, rock or petrified material that when cut or faceted and polished is collectible or can be used in jewellery; others are organic, such as amber (fossilised tree resin) and jet (a form of coal). Note: some beautiful gemstones are too soft or too fragile to be used in jewelry.

biology

  genus (pl. genera, genuses) : the major subdivision of a family or subfamily in the classification of organisms, usually consisting of more than one species.
    geography : the descriptive science dealing with the surface of the Earth, lands and oceans, the climate, plants, animals, natural resources, inhabitants and industries, social and political divisions.
    geostationary satellite : a satellite that rotates at the same rate as Earth, thus remaining over the same spot above the equator.
    GfK Group : the No. 4 market research organization worldwide. Its activities cover five business divisions: Custom Research, Retail and Technology, Consumer Tracking, Media and HealthCare. The Group has approx. 130 companies located in more than 70 countries and a current (Nov 2006) total of approx. 7,800 employees.

botany & gardening

  gibbous : swollen on one side.

botany & gardening

  glabrous : smooth, especially not hairy or pubescent; having a surface devoid of hair or pubescence.

materials

  glass : a uniform amorphous solid material, usually produced when a suitably viscous molten material cools very rapidly, thereby not giving enough time for a crystallization. Common glass is mostly amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2), which is the same chemical compound found in quartz, or in its polycrystalline form, sand; in its pure form, glass is a transparent, relatively strong, hard-wearing, brittle, essentially inert, and biologically inactive material which can be formed with very smooth and impervious surfaces.
    gloss : a paper's shine or luster, which reflects light.

botany & gardening

  glume : one of the characteristic chafflike bracts of the inflorescence of grasses, sedges etc.; specifically one of a pair of dry bracts enclosing the flowers of grasses and sedges, at the base of a spikelet.
    glyph :  a particular image which represents a character or part of a character.

acronym

GMT : Greenwich Mean Time : an international time scale with a reference to the time at longitude 0 (zero) degrees 0 (zero) minutes - the prime meridian or longitudinal line that  is based on the location of the Royal Observatory Greenwich, England, near London. GMT  is tied to the rotation of the Earth in respect to the fictitious 'mean Sun'. The rest of the world's time zones (and longitude) are referenced to this meridian.

This was for many years the prime reference for time but is no longer. See International Atomic Time (TAI) and Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).

TAI

UTC

economics                 acronym

  GNI : Gross National Income : (previously known as Gross National Product (GNP))  : comprises the total value of goods and services produced within a country (i.e. its Gross Domestic Product), together with its income received from other countries (notably interest and dividends), less similar payments made to other countries.

economics                 acronym

  GNP : gross national product : gross domestic product plus the income accruing to domestic residents arising from investment abroad less income earned in the domestic market accruing to foreigners abroad.

acronym

  GOES : Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite : 

Internet lingo

  GOK : God only knows

economics

  good, economic : any physical object, natural or man-made, or service rendered, which could command a price in a market.

economics

  goods, durable : economic goods which yield services or utility over time rather than being completely used up at the moment of consumption, e.g. land, house, washing-machine, car and TV set. Most consumer goods are in fact durable to some degree, and the term is often used in a more restricted sense to denote relatively expensive, technically sophisticated goods (consumer durables, such as cars and washing-machines).

this website                acronym

  GR : Grabov Rat

toponym : Croatian

  Grabov Rat : a small peninsula on the southern shore of the island of Brač , Croatia, around 2 km eastwards of the city of Bol; see about Grabov Rat.
    grapheme :  minimally distinctive unit of writing in the context of a particular writing system. For example, ‹b› and ‹d› are distinct graphemes in English writing systems because there exist distinct words like big and dig. Conversely, a lowercase italiform letter a and a lowercase Roman letter a are not distinct graphemes because no word is distinguished on the basis of these two different forms.

publishing & printing

  graphic : any non-text element, such as art work, a photo, drawing, chart, graph, border, etc.; see  image

computing & web

  grayscale (or greyscale) image : a raster image in which each pixel is defined by a value of a single quantity; images of this sort are typically composed of shades of gray, varying from black to white, though in principle the values could be shades of any color (the term monochromatic seems more appropriate in that instance). Grayscale images intended for visual display are largely stored with 8 bits per pixel, which allows 256 intensities (i.e., shades of gray) to be valued, usually on a non-linear scale.

raster image

pixel

bit

    greenhouse effect : the warming of the atmosphere by the trapping of Earth's longwave radiation being radiated to space; the gases most responsible for this effect are water vapor and carbon dioxide.
    grudge : a deep-seated feeling of resentment or ill will or rancor provoked by some incident or situation; for example, being unwilling to forgive someone.

Internet lingo

  GTG : got to go

acronym

  GTOS : Global Terrestrial Observing System : a program for observations, modeling, and analysis of terrestrial ecosystems to support sustainable development. GTOS facilitates access to information on terrestrial ecosystems so that researchers and policy makers can detect and manage global and regional environmental change.             http://www.fao.org/gtos

geography : physical

  gulf : a body of water (a part of a lake or ocean) surrounded by land on three sides. A gulf generally occupies an area larger than a bay and may itself contains one or more bays. bay

meteorology

gust : a rapid fluctuation of wind speed with variations of 10 knots or more between peaks and lulls.

botany & gardening

gynoecium : the pistils of a flower; the carpels taken collectively; the female organ or organs of a flower.
 
 

UPDATED : 2007-05-12

WEBSITE  EDITOR : Krešimir J. Adamić